Wire drawing process

电梯厅门、吊顶等不锈钢装饰件，采用表面处理好的板材加工成形，不锈钢卷板经整平、开料、表面处理、覆膜成板材，加工出来的装饰件，表面带有纹路，不需再进行表面加工。电梯现场安装完成后，撕掉保护膜就能起到相应拉丝、镜面等装饰效果。

Stainless steel decorative parts such as elevator hall doors and suspended ceilings are processed and formed using surface treated sheet metal. The stainless steel coil plate is leveled, cut, surface treated, and coated into a sheet metal. The processed decorative parts have patterns on the surface and do not require further surface processing. After the on-site installation of the elevator is completed, tearing off the protective film can achieve corresponding decorative effects such as wire drawing and mirror surface.

拉丝工艺是不锈钢各类表面处理工艺当中较为常用的一种。板材拉丝是通过砂带研磨，砂带快速旋转，板材由输送带通过砂带，前面用磨料号数较大砂带（磨料号数越大，粒度越小，切削量越小，易于表面杂质），后面用号数小的砂带，对金属表面进行打磨，使表面得到一层粗细分布均匀的宏观纹路，也会在一定程度上减少不锈钢板的厚度（一般减少0.1 ～ 0.2mm）。电梯中不锈钢板材常用拉丝工艺效果一般为长纹、短纹（雪花砂）、乱纹等，具体工艺方法介绍如下。

Wire drawing process is a commonly used surface treatment process for stainless steel. Sheet metal wire drawing is achieved by grinding with a sand belt, which rotates rapidly. The sheet metal passes through the belt by a conveyor belt. The front uses a larger number of abrasive belts (the larger the abrasive number, the smaller the particle size, and the smaller the cutting amount, making it easier to eliminate surface impurities), and the back uses a smaller number of abrasive belts to polish the metal surface, resulting in a layer of uniformly distributed macroscopic patterns of thickness, It will also reduce the thickness of stainless steel plates to a certain extent (generally reducing by 0.1-0.2mm). The commonly used wire drawing processes for stainless steel plates in elevators generally have long lines, short lines (snowflake sand), random lines, etc. The specific process methods are introduced as follows.

⑴长纹。通过在不锈钢表面用砂带机械来回打磨的方法加工处理后，得到表面状态为直线无断续的纹路，加工成电梯产品的装饰效果如图2 所示。

(1) Long lines. After machining and processing the stainless steel surface using a sandbelt mechanical back and forth polishing method, the surface state is straight and uninterrupted, and the decorative effect of the processed elevator product is shown in Figure 2.

⑵短纹。砂带研磨与不锈钢表面纵向研磨时，砂带以一定的频率左右振动研磨，其加工表面呈断续状，同时呈现出一种类似雪花的晶粒效果，所以也称为雪花砂，加工成电梯产品装饰效果如图3 所示。

⑵ Short lines. When abrasive belt grinding and longitudinal grinding of stainless steel surfaces, the abrasive belt vibrates left and right at a certain frequency, resulting in a discontinuous surface and a grain like effect similar to snowflakes. Therefore, it is also known as snowflake sand, and the decorative effect of elevator products processed is shown in Figure 3.

⑶乱纹。乱纹又叫和纹，是用砂带不规则地上下左右摆动研磨而形成的一种无规则、无明显纹路的拉丝纹，远观是一圈一圈的旋纹，近观是杂乱无章的乱纹，因纹路特殊，乱纹耐刻划性能、抗指纹性能更好，加工成电梯产品装饰

⑶ Random patterns. Chaos pattern, also known as harmony pattern, is an irregular and indistinct wire drawing pattern formed by grinding the sand belt irregularly up, down, left, and right. From a distance, it is a circle of spiral patterns, while from a close view, it is a disorderly and disorderly pattern. Due to the special pattern, Chaos pattern has better scratch resistance and fingerprint resistance, and is processed into elevator product decoration

拉丝工艺加工纹路的粗细要深浅一致均匀，产品每一面的纹路根据设计和施工要求，达到自然美观的效果，产品的弯位允许有轻微的不影响外观的絮乱纹路，加工出来的不锈钢板拥有质感。我们看到的拉丝不锈钢能够清晰的显现每一根细微丝痕，使不锈钢哑光中泛出细密的发丝光泽，这么特别的丝状纹路看得见摸不着（因为丝纹比较精细，即使摸上去也不会有任何感觉）。

The thickness of the patterns processed by the wire drawing process should be consistent and uniform in depth. The patterns on each side of the product should meet the design and construction requirements to achieve a natural and beautiful effect. The bending position of the product allows for slight flocculent patterns that do not affect the appearance. The processed stainless steel plate has a texture. The brushed stainless steel we see can clearly show every tiny thread mark, giving the stainless steel a dense luster in the matte. Such a special filamentous pattern can be seen but not touched (because the silk pattern is relatively fine, even if touched, there will be no feeling).

不锈钢镜面抛光

Stainless steel mirror polishing

镜面在不锈钢中装饰档次较高，加工工艺比拉丝要复杂，是在原板表面采用机械式抛光，使表面平坦，光度与镜面相同，可以分为打磨和出光两部分。打磨又分粗磨、半精磨、精磨三个工序，出光分为打蜡、光亮两个工序，整个工序可以总结为粗磨→半精磨→精磨→打蜡→光亮，操作步骤如下。

Mirror surface has a higher decorative grade in stainless steel, and the processing process is more complex than wire drawing. It uses mechanical polishing on the surface of the original board to make the surface flat, with the same brightness as the mirror surface. It can be divided into two parts: polishing and polishing. Polishing is divided into three processes: rough grinding, semi precision grinding, and precision grinding. The polishing process is divided into two processes: waxing and polishing. The entire process can be summarized as rough grinding, semi precision grinding, precision grinding, waxing, and polishing. The operating steps are as follows.

⑴粗磨。选用料号较小的磨料，一般选用600# 砂带，往返成直线对板材表面进行打磨，去除板材表面杂质和粗糙的地方。

(1) Rough grinding. Select abrasive with smaller material numbers, usually using 600 # abrasive tape, and grind the surface of the board in a straight line to remove impurities and rough areas on the board surface.

⑵半精磨。用800# 砂带按照步方法打磨表面，主要是对粗磨后产生的印痕进一步的细磨，达到表面无印痕，基本变亮。

⑵ Semi precision grinding. Use 800 # abrasive tape to polish the surface according to the first step method, mainly to further fine grind the marks generated after rough grinding, until the surface is free of marks and basically brightens.

⑶精磨。用1000# 砂带继续打磨，主要是对板材表面的细小纹线修正磨削，板材表面进一步变亮，基本接近镜面效果。

⑶ Fine grinding. Continue polishing with 1000 # abrasive tape, mainly to correct and grind the small lines on the surface of the board, further brightening the surface of the board, which is basically close to the mirror effect.

⑷打蜡。选用羊毛轮和青蜡，在羊毛轮上粘满青蜡，用上述抛光方法对板材表面进行镜面磨光，本工序主要目的是完成板材镜面磨光，而不是进一步磨削。

(4) Waxing. Select a wool wheel and green wax, apply green wax fully to the wool wheel, and use the above polishing method to mirror polish the surface of the board. The main purpose of this process is to complete the mirror polishing of the board, rather than further grinding.

⑸光亮。本工序是一道工序，用干净的棉布轮对经过镜面后的板材进行表面摩擦，目的是将板材表面擦干净、擦亮。

(5) Brightness. This process is the last one, where a clean cotton cloth is used to rub the surface of the mirrored board, with the aim of cleaning and polishing the surface of the board.

经上述镜面抛光工序后，板材表面要无沙纹和橘皮纹，表面平整，不得出现凹陷凸起或高低起伏的波浪面（哈哈镜），亮度达到8K，加工成电梯吊顶装饰效果如图5 所示。8K 中的“8”是指含合金成分的比例度，“K”是指经过抛光加工后的反射率所达到的等级（K 级为镜面反射等级），8K 镜面也就是铬镍合金钢所体现的镜面等级。现在常见的镜面不锈钢板由于精细程度不同，还被引申出了6K、10K 以及12K 等，数字越大，镜面的精细度也就会越高，因此其表面的亮度越高，反射率越大。

After the above mirror polishing process, the surface of the board should be free of sand and orange peel lines, and the surface should be flat, without any concave, convex or undulating wave surfaces (haha mirror). The brightness should reach 8K, and the decorative effect of the elevator ceiling processed is shown in Figure 5. The "8" in 8K refers to the proportion of alloy components, the "K" refers to the level of reflectivity achieved after polishing (K level is the mirror reflection level), and the 8K mirror surface is also the mirror surface level reflected in chromium nickel alloy steel. Nowadays, common mirror stainless steel plates have been extended to include 6K, 10K, and 12K due to varying degrees of fineness. The larger the number, the higher the fineness of the mirror surface. Therefore, the higher the brightness of the surface, the greater the reflectivity.

不锈钢镀色工艺

Stainless steel color plating process

不锈钢镀色采用PVD 真空等离子电镀工艺，是在真空条件下，采用低电压、大电流的电弧放电技术，利用气体放电使固态涂层蒸发并被电离，在电场的作用下，使被蒸发的涂层沉积在不锈钢表面上，可镀宝石蓝、黑色、咖啡色、七彩色、锆金色、青铜色、古铜色、玫瑰色、香槟金色、浅绿色等颜色。镀色用的板材，可以使用拉丝、镜面等不锈钢来电镀，形成的彩色不锈钢保持了原不锈钢的物理、化学、机械性能，还丰富了不锈钢表面外观，又

The PVD vacuum plasma electroplating process is used for stainless steel plating. Under vacuum conditions, low voltage and high current arc discharge technology is used to evaporate and ionize the solid coating. Under the action of an electric field, the evaporated coating is deposited on the surface of stainless steel. It can be plated with colors such as sapphire blue, black, coffee, seven colors, zirconium gold, bronze, bronze, rose, champagne gold, light green, etc. The plate used for color plating can be electroplated with stainless steel such as wire drawing and mirror surface. The formed colored stainless steel maintains the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of the original stainless steel, and also enriches the surface appearance of the stainless steel

电梯不锈钢的保养

Maintenance of elevator stainless steel

无论是拉丝、镜面不锈钢，还是镀色不锈钢，它们不是不会生锈的钢铁，而是指不容易生锈的钢铁，耐空气、蒸汽、水等弱腐蚀介质。电梯使用环境不尽相同，如遇到腐蚀环境，不锈钢表面钝化膜被破坏，会受到腐蚀，而且电梯不锈钢产品时间长了，表面亮度会变暗，因此保养也是件很重要的事情。电梯不锈钢保养工作视实际情况而定，常用方法有：⑴不锈钢表面有灰尘以及易除掉污垢物，用肥皂、弱洗涤剂或温水清洗；⑵不锈钢表面有油脂、油等杂质，先用柔软的干布擦干净，再用中性洗涤剂、氨溶液或专用洗涤剂清洗；⑶不锈钢表面粘贴了广告，商标先用温水、弱洗涤剂来洗，粘结剂成分使用酒精或有机溶剂擦洗；⑷不锈钢表面有酸附着，先后用水冲洗和用氨溶液浸洗，再用中性洗涤剂或温水洗涤；⑸禁止使用钢丝球、研磨工具等，避免清洗不锈钢表面时出现表面划伤现象。

Whether it is brushed, mirror stainless steel, or plated stainless steel, they are not stainless steel that does not rust, but rather steel that is not easily rusted and resistant to weak corrosive media such as air, steam, and water. The usage environment of elevators varies. If encountering a corrosive environment, the passivation film on the stainless steel surface is damaged, which will cause corrosion. Moreover, over time, the surface brightness of elevator stainless steel products will decrease, so maintenance is also a very important thing. The maintenance of elevator stainless steel depends on the actual situation. The commonly used methods include: (1) cleaning the stainless steel surface with soap, weak detergent, or warm water if there is dust or dirt that is easy to remove; (2) If there are impurities such as grease and oil on the surface of stainless steel, first wipe it clean with a soft dry cloth, and then clean it with neutral detergent, ammonia solution or special detergent; ⑶ The stainless steel surface is pasted with advertisements, and the trademark is first washed with warm water and weak detergent, while the adhesive component is wiped with alcohol or organic solvent There is acid adhesion on the surface of stainless steel, which is washed with water and then soaked with ammonia solution, and then washed with neutral detergent or warm water It is prohibited to use steel wire balls, grinding tools, etc. to avoid surface scratches when cleaning the stainless steel surface.

当前，电梯行业已进入微利时代，原材料不断上涨，人工成本逐年递增，生产中各种辅料也水涨船高，利润被压缩到极限，企业迫切降低生产成本，保持在市场的竞争力。为迎合企业降本需求，市场上出现了430D 不锈钢、复合不锈钢等新型材料，来替代昂贵的不锈钢，具有一定优势。各电梯企业，可在产品中试制验证、推广应用新材料，同时不断开展产品“轻量化”、“精美化”工作，降低生产成本，保持市场竞争优势。

At present, the elevator industry has entered an era of meager profits, with raw material prices constantly rising and labor costs increasing year by year. The prices of various auxiliary materials in production have also skyrocketed, and profits have been compressed to the limit. Enterprises are eager to reduce production costs and maintain competitiveness in the market. In order to meet the cost reduction needs of enterprises, new materials such as 430D stainless steel and composite stainless steel have emerged in the market to replace expensive stainless steel, which has certain advantages in price. Each elevator enterprise can trial produce, verify, promote and apply new materials in their products, and continuously carry out product "lightweight" and "exquisite" work to reduce production costs and maintain market competitive advantages.

本文由德州电梯不锈钢包边提供技术支持，更多的详细精彩内容请点击我们的网站http://www.sddtmt.com，我们将会全心全意为您提供满意的服务。

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